Type-writing machine.



H. STEELE. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

. APPLICATION FILED JAN. 25, 1910.

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TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED mums, 1910.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Patented Dec. 5, 191

H. H. STEELE.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLIGATION'PILED JAN. 25, 1910 1,010,528. Patented Dec.5,1911.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

\/\/|TNE55E5= INVENTUR:

WWW fiflrzdz fins ATTORNEY STEELE. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 25, 1910.

Patented Dec. 5, 1911.

4 SHEETSSHEET 4.

WITNESSES: INVENTEIR:

WM QWW5M 1-115 ATTEJRNEY .20 prior applications Serial Nos. 528,462 and- UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HERBERT H. STEELE, or MA oELLUs, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO; THE MONARCH .TYPE- UWRITER COMPANY, OF sYRAcUsE, NEW/YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

Application filed January 25, 1910. Serial No. 539,954.

State of New York, have invented .certain new and useful Improvements in Type Writing Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates especially to means for duplicating copies of typewritten matter and its object generally stated is to provide improved devices of the class specified.

To the above. and other ends my invention consists in the features of construction, com- 5 blnations of devices and arrangements of parts hereinafter described and particularly pointed out in the claims. i

My present invention relates to improvements on the constructions disclosed in my 536,814. While various features of my said improvements may be made use of in connection with paper webs or work sheets in roll form, yet the illustrated embodiments 25, of'my present invention .are particularly adapted to folded work sheets which are separately fed to the machine.

. Furthermore my invention contains a carbon roll construction which is particularly adapted to long work sheets or work sheets containing more than the average number of lines of typewriting.

Besides these several features, my invention relates to various structural improvements on the prior constructions and which will be more particularly described in connection with the accompanying drawings wherein Figure 1 1s a front elevation partly in section of the platen and platen carrier of a Monarch typewriting machine embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a fragmentary front view partly in vertical section of the carbon roll carrier. Fig. 3 is a fragmentary detail view partly in section of an element hereinafter termed a gravity feeding device or roller. Fig. 4 is a side elevation of the upper part of the typewriting machine embodying my invention, parts being shown in section, parts being broken away and parts omitted. Fig. 5 is a fragmentary view like the upper part ofFig. 4 but showing various elements in changed relations. Fig. 6 is a fragmentary side view partly in section 'of the platen carrier and parts associated Specification of Letters Patent.

a spring-pressedpaper apron 28 pivoted on PatentedDec. 5, 1911.

therewith, the section being taken on a plane represented by the dottedlin'e m in Fig. 1 and looking in the direction of the arrow at said line. Fig. 7 is a view like Fig. 4 of a modified construction of the invention. 63

While I have shown my invention as applied to the Monarch typewriting machine it will be understood that said invention may be adapted in whole or in part to other styles of writing machines.

In-the drawings, the top plate 1 of the main frame supports standards 2 to which are fixed upper and lower guide rails 3 cooperating with anti-friction balls 4 which also cooperate with the grooved rear or 'zo slide bar 5 of a platen frame or carrier further comprising end bars 6, said end bars extending forward and providing a support for a cylindrical platen 7 (Figs. 1, 4 and 6).

Slotted lugs or brackets 8 project forwardvs from the slide bar 5 and pivotally support at 9 and 10 pairs of arms 11 and 12, said pairs of arms respectively carrying main and secondary feed rollers 13 and 14. Said feed rollers are constantly spring-pressed so toward the platen and are releasable by devicescomprising a rock shaft 15 which carries lugs 16 coiiperating with lugs 17 on the arms 11. The rock shaft 15 is controlled by manual devices comprising a crank arm 18 fixed to the rock shaft and pivotally connected with a lever 19 provided with a fini ger piece 20, said lever 19 being pivotally connected at- 21 with an arm 22 pivoted to the left-hand end bar 6. piece 20 is pulled forward it rocks the shaft 15 forward and locks it, thus throwing 01f the feed rollers and locking them in released position. A scale plate 23 extends lengthwise of the platen below the printing line thereon and is pivotally connected at 24 to arms 25 secured to the slide bar 5. Said scale plate is constantlyspring-pressed toward the platen and when the finger piece 20 is pulled forward is automatically released by devices comprising -a finger 26, fast on the plate 23, and a lever 27, which lever is actuated by the right-hand arm 11. Other paper controlling devices comprise the rock shaft 15 and a paper table 29 supported on the slide bar 5. .The devices heretofore described are or may be those com monly found in the Monarch "typewriter, and therefore need not be described at When the finger 90 ative with the work sheets near and above the printing line and particu arly adapted to the character of work for which my present improvements were primarily designed, are supportedon a paper finger rod 30 which extends lengthwise of the platen above the same and is secured at its ends to the end bars 6. Said devices as shown especially in Figs. 1 and 6 comprise supporting arms 31 provided with hubs 32 which surround the rod 30 and are suitably fixed thereto near the ends of the platen. The arms 31 are curved forward over the platen and pivotally support at a roll carrier 34 carrying a pressure roll 35 which is sping-prcssed toward the platen, the arms carrying the pressure rolls being off-set inward toward the middle of the machine. The arms 31 which, it will be understood, are rigid on the platen carrier, are formed with hubs or bosses 36 which provide bearings for a rock shaft 37. Said rock shaft as shown in Fig. 1 projects beyond its right-hand bearing 36 and carries a rearwardly extending crank arm 38 having a collar portion 39 which is pinned to the rock shaft. The crank arm, as best appears in Fig. 6, is pivotally connected at 40 with a downwardly extendinglink 41, the lower end whereof is pivotally connected at 42 with a crank arm 43 fixed to and extending forward from the rock shaft 15. By the described means the rock shafts 15 and 37 are connected so that when the rock shaft 15 is rocked forward by pulling the finger piece 20, the rock shaft 37 will'be automatically rocked rearward a corresponding extent. Arms 44 having hubs'45 secured to the rock shaft 37 by pins 46 extend downward and are bifurcated at their lower ends to embrace the pins 35" on which are pivoted Suitably secured to rock shaft 37 is a member or device 48 combining the functions of a paper deflector and severing blade, its top edge being sharpened for paper cutting purposes and its lower portion acting as a paper guide. Said device 48 extends lengthwise of the platen and has suitably fixed to its ends downwardly extending paper guiding fingers 49 which overlie the scale plate 23 and are. slotted at 50 to provide openings through which the pressure rolls 35 may cooperate with the platen.

It will be understood that the device 48 and the paper guiding fingers 49 are fixed to the rock shaft so that they turn therewith while the releasing arms44 which also turn or rock with said rock shaft 37, control the pressure rolls 35 so as to swing them on their pivots 33 away from and toward the platen when the rock shaft 37 is rocked by the finger piece 20. In other words, the actuation of the finger piece '20 operates to throw off or render inoperative all the paper feeding devices which cotiperate with the platen, including the main and secondary feed rollers 13 and 14, scale plate 23, paper fingers 49 and pressure rolls 35.

The paper supply devices including the carbon roll holder are mounted on a supporting frame fixed on and rising from the platen carrier. Said frame comprises two side plates 51, each of which has an inwardly projecting hub 52 which surrounds and is suitably secured to the rod 30. The rear edges of the frame plates 51 may, if desired, be arranged to rest against the paper table 29 as an additional support. 'Diagonal tie rods 53 connect the frame plates and assist to promote the rigidity. of the supporting frame. The head or upper portion of the supporting frame is further connected by a pair of parallel cross-rods 54.

I Journaled at the upper rear side of the supporting frame is a device or holder for a transfer medium supply roll or carbon roll, the details of said device being clearly shown in, Fig. 2. The material carrying device or carbon roll holder proper comprises a tubular core 55 and end flanges 56 having hubs 57 which enter the core and frictionally engage therewith at its ends. A shaft 58 passes through the roll holder proper and provides a support or bearing for the flanges or core pieces 56. Outside the flanges 56, bearing sleeves 59 are ar ranged on the shaft, said sleeves engaging in bearing openings in the side plates 51.

The right-hand bearing sleeve is provided outside the contiguous end plate with a head 60 formed with ratchet teeth for purposes hereinafter described. The end portion of the shaft which projeetsbeyond the gear wheel 60 is threaded and receives a removable thumb nut 61. Outside the left-hand side plate 51 the shaft 58 is reduced and has fixed to it a knurled finger piece or button 62. A thin washer or spacing plate 63 is arranged between the left-hand bearing sleeve 59 and the adjacent flange 56. \Vhen the thumb nut 61 is tightened the roll holder, spacing sleeves and shaft are frictionally connected so that they will all turn together as a single element, the spacing sleeves during such turning rotating in the bearing openings in the plates 51. The washer 63 assists to separate the button 62 and the gear wheel 60 so that they will not bind against the outside faces of the plates 51. By removing the nut 61 the shaft 58 may be withdrawn and the material carrier or roll holder proper removed and replaced by one containing a fresh supply. A web 64 of carbon paper or other transfer mediuinis wound on the. core 55, the loose end of said web or carbon paper 64 being drawn over the top of the roll holder and downward at ,detachable weighted heads 68 which also serve as finger pieces. Integral with the heads 68 are stems 69 which are threaded near their ends anden gage in tapped openingsin the hubs 67.

As shown in Fig. 3 there is a space between each gear wheel 66 and the inner face of the adjacent head 68,; which space is I brid ed by a smooth cylindricalportion of one of the stems 69, this portion bearing in an, upwardly and rearwardly inclinedslot-' way 7 O in the plate 51, the construction beingjsuch thatthe gear wheel 66 is adjacent the inner face of the neighboring plate 51 while the head 68 is outside said plate. Thus the roller 65 is supported and guided at be movedup and downalong said slot-way.

- Normally, however, the stems 69 rest on the bottoms of the slot 70. In order to control up and down movements of the gravity deengage successivel cause both ends 0 the roller to,move alike,

i the roller,'of course, turning or rotating on down movements.

its longitudinal axis during bodily up and The carbon paper 64 passes upward at the front side of the roller 65 and forward over thetop of a' guide.

roller 73 which is arranged at the top and ffront of the supporting frame above and forward of the carbon roll holder. The guide roller 73 may be of wood and atits ends is provided with flanged heads 74, said heads receiving headed'shoulder screws 75, the shouldered portions. whereof bear in openings at-the tops of the end plates51. The free-end portion of the carbon. paper 64 hangs straight down from the front side of the guide roller 73 and may be considered as terminating just above the rod 30 asshown. in Fig. 4. A U-shaped bail 76 is pivoted on the plates 51 and normally .inclines downward and forward, resting against the front edge of said'side plates as shown in Fig. 4. This bail coiiperateswith The gear the loose end of the carbon paper 64 just below the guide roller 73 and tends to prevent the carbon paper from being jerked ofi the guide roller during operations hereinafter described.

held normally frictionally locked to the supporting frame. In the present instance the carbon roll holder is adapted to .turn freely on the supporting frame but I provide locking devices which normally prepaper. These locking devices comprise the ratchet head or wheel and a coiiperating pawl arm 77 (Figs. 1 and 4) which is'pivoted .at 78 to the right-hand plate. 51 and extends rearward, its tip or tooth engaging with the ratchet wheel '60 at its'top so as to hold normally from forward turning the ratchet wheel 60 and the carbon roll holder to which said ratchet wheel is fast. In

paper when exceptionally lengthy work sheets are being written, devices are proleasing the carbon roll, said devices in the present instance being automatically actuated by the gravity roller as it nears the top of its guide slots ,70. The releasing devices'comprise a link 79-provided at its upperendwith a slot 80 hich'engages a headed-pin 81 fast on the pawl 77. The lower end of the link 79 is pivotally connected at 82 to an arm 8.3 pivoted at 84'to the side plate 51. Below the pivot 82 the arm 83 is formed with a slot 85. The top of the arm 83 forward of the pivot 84 is roughened as indicated at 86 so as to provide a convenient means for actuating the releaTsing mechanism byhand when desired,- as when-the carbon paper is being initially adjusted. I

For purposes presently explained it is desirable initially to reset the gravity roller 65-at a point somewhat above its lowermost normal posit-ion. plishing this comprise a gravity locking plate or abutment 87 arranged atthe'nuter face of the right-hand side plate 51 and pivoted thereto at- 88. The plate '87 exgreater part of its weight is at the rear ofits pivot and it tends to drop down rear- Ward'but is restrained by a screw stop 89 of the plate 87. The normalpos'ition. of the plate 87 is shown in Fig. 6.. Itwill be ob- "served that thetopedge .87 of said plate extends across-the slot in the right-hand .plate 51 while the rear edge-91 of said plate 87 is curved and inclines upward 'andrear- .Ward across said slot 70, so that when the gravity roller 65 moves upward, the stem Itwillbe recalled that in my aforesaid" prior constructions the carbon roll holder is' vent it from turning to unwind the carbon order to furnish a further'supply of carbon 7 vided for swinging the pawl 77 up and re The devices for accomtends upward and rearward so that: a

which cooperates with a slot 90 at the top will cotiperate with the edge 91 to cam or swing the plate 87 forward on its pivot 88. Forward of said pivot the plate 87 is provided with an extension or tail 92 which is inwardly off-set so that it underlies and may be engaged and actuated by an extension or finger 44 integralwith and inclining rearward andupward from the righthand releasing arm 44.

The present embodiment of my invention is particularly adapted to work sheets folded along their top edges, such, for example, as

folded freight receipts of the character used by some railway companies. Such a folded sheet is shown in Fig. d and numbered 93. Initially with the parts set as in Fig. ithe folded bill sheet 93 is placed to embrace between its folds the loose end tion of the carbon paper 64, the folded top edge being close up against the end of the carbon paper. The operator next grasps the three folds composed: of the'two plies or folds of the bill sheet 93 and the intervening carbon paper 64 and draws them downward together. Since the carbon roll is locked at this time by the pawl and ratchet locking devices,'that portion or end of-the. carbon paper at the roll is held fast and this downward movement of the loose end of the carbon-paper causes the gravity-roller 65 to rise in. its slot-ways. The right-hand stem 69. during this rise acts against the curved edge 91 of the locking plate 87, caming said plate forward until said stem 69 passes above said edge, whereupon the plate 87 will drop back to normal position by gravity so that the top edge 87 of said locking plate will substantially bridge the slot 70, providing an abutment or rest for the stem 69 and preventing the gravity roller from dro ping back to its lowermost-position at tl ie bottom of said slots 70. The gravity roller is held at such a height by the plate 87 that the free end of the carbon paper may be pushed downward with the folded bill sheet and introduced between the platen and the main feed roller 13 without disturbing the roller 65 or lifting it from its tei'nporary abutment or rest- (see the dotted line posi tion of the roller .65 in Fig. 6). This construction enables the work sheets to be conveniently and accurately adjusted without necessity of the operator sustaining the weight of the roller 65 during such adiustment. The work sheets havmg been thus brought into the control of the feeding devices, the platen may be turned and the folded bill sheet and interposed carbon fed around with the platen between the same and the feed rollers. paper apron and scale plate, anduupward at the front side of the platen beneath the guide fingers 49 and the device or plate 18, which serves as a guide for that portion of the work sheet between the paper fingers.

As will be observed from Fig. 1 the lower edge of the plate 48 is slightly curved or inclined downward from its ends toward the middle of the machine and is also curved forward as shown'in Fig. 4. The lower edge is thus adapted to guide the work sheets and prevent bulging thereof between the paper guide fingers. When the folded work sheet and interposed carbon have been ad-- vanced to the position for receiving the first line of writing, this may be written in the usual way. The printing instrumentalities during the writing will cooperate with the usual or a suitable ribbon to reproduce the type impressions on the outer face or fold ofthe bill sheet and with the carbon paper 6i simultaneously to reproduce the writing on the inner or underlying fold of the bill slots 70, approaching the upper ends of the slots.

It will be understood that in the course of completely filling in any bill sheet it may be necessary to remove it from the machine and reintroduce it from time to time as entries are to be made thereon. When the items on the bill sheet for any one time have been completed and it is desired to remove the sheet and introduce another, the operator pulls forward the finger piece or handle 20, thus releasing the various paper controlling devices, as has been explained, so that the folded work sheet may be freely drawn forward around the platen and removed at the front upper side thereof. The releasing operation frees the carbon paper and en ables the gravity roller 65 to drop in its slots under the influence of gravity. The drop of the gravity roller'retracts the carbon paper, the'loose end portion thereof being fed backward over the platen and the guide roller 73, the opposite end or that atthe carbon roll remaining locked fast- The releasing operation causes the finger 44 to swing downward and engage the tail 92 of the locking plate 87, swinging the body of the plate forward on its pivot so that the locking edge 87 is swung forward, clear of the slot 70. The result is that the gravity drop of the roller 65 continues past the locking plate 87 and is terminated by the lower ends of the slots 70. Consequently the free end of the carbon paper will be sheet it is advanced so far that the gravity its pivot, lifting the link .79 and bringingroller approaches the tops of its slots 70, the right-hand stem 69 will \contact with the upper side of theslot 85 on the pivot arm 83,.and as the work sheet is further advanced and the upward movement of the gravity roller continued, the stem 69 will operate to swing the arm 83 upward on the bottom of the slot 80 into engagement with the pin 81. Further movement swings pleted the paper feeding and controlling de vices may be released and the bill sheet -withdrawn as usual. The carbon paper will be restored or fed backward by the gravity ro1ler 65 to an extent corresponding with the drop of said roller from the top.of its slotways to the bottom thereof,'but of course the surplus carbon paper which was fed off the roll holder will have to be rewound thereon by turning it backward by hand.

When through repeated use the advanced section or portion of the/carbon paper becomes exhausted, the operator on completing the work on the bill, sheet, may release the paper controlling devices and draw out the bill sheet, at the same time holding the gravity roller in its elevated position.- The paper controlling devices. are then restored to normal position and the exhausted end portlon of the carbon paper issevered by.

pulling it-forward against the sharp upper edge of the device or cutter bar 48.- Thereupon the releasing devices are operated and the gravity roller is allowedto drop down to normal position, so that the carbon paper,

may be wound back on the sup ly rollunt'il the free end registers with or hes 111st above "the paper finger rod 30, as shown in Fig. 4.

Itwill be seen that the invention provides for repeated use of a duplicating sheet without handling in the simultaneous production of a plurality of copies, especially in connection with a bill sheet folded at its top. After completion of course each bill sheet is severed at the fold and the two copies thus provided are made use of in accordance with the particular systeni in vogue. L

Various changes may be resorted to within the scope of my present invention@ One example of such changes is illustrated in Fig. 7

which shows a modified construction in which the carbon paper controlling devices are arranged oppositely from the arrangement shown in the prior construction, so that the free end portion of'the carbon paper in the Fig: 7 constructionhangs down at the .backof the supporting frame instead of at the front side thereof. In the Fig. 7 construction a supporting-"frame comprising side plates 94 and cross rods 95 is fixed to. the platen carrier and extends above theplaten, supporting at its top forward side a carbon roll holder 96. The carbon paper 97 is wound on said holder and drawn off at the rear side thereof, extending downward around a gravity roller 98 whlch is guided by slots 99- in the plates 91. From the rear ranged behind the carbon roll holder 96. The free end port-ionofthe carbon paper 97 of the gravity roller the carbon pa-per is led upward over a guide roller 100 which is arhangs down from the guide roller 100 nor: I mally over the paper tab1e'29 so that said portion may be pulled rearward as shown in Fig. 7 behind the paper table to be embraced between thefolds of the folded bill sheet 101.

Thereafter the three .plies of paper are introduced into the machine .over the paper table 29 and between "the platen and the feed roller 13 and fed around into the control of paper fingers 102 mounted on the rock shaft 103 connected with and controlled by the rock shaft 15. In the modifiedconstruction the roll holder is normally locked against unwinding movements by a ratchet 104; and a pawl 105, the pawl being movable from 'the gravity roller 98 to release the ratchet through devices comprising an arm 106 pivoted on the frame 94 and connected with the pawlby a link 107. The release is adapted to operate similarly to the release in the-prior construction and need not be explained in detail The first described co'nstruction in which the free portion of the carbon is accessible from the front of the machine is generally preferable, but the Fi 7 construction may be useful in'some sty es of work.

Other changes besides those exemplied in Fig. 7 may be made without departing from a my invention.

- It will be seen that my present invention provides a device independent of the platen for feeding thereto material which'is normally fast at one end, and means: including said device for'automatically releasing the fast end of said material so that it may be advanced; that the device aforesaid in the present instance is a. gravity operated roller which is movable against gravity by the material or carbon paper itself, while the means aforesaid comprise various devices including a pawl and ratchet connected Wlthtlle material carrier or roll holder and acted on by the gravity roller so that the pawl is disconnected from the ratchet, thus enabling the roll holder to be turned to unwind paper therefrom; thatthe device or gravity roller is operative to back-feed thepaper while the carbon roll is held fast, and is operative also at another time to release the normally fast carbon roll'holder so that material may be advanced therefrom while the gravity roller itself remains bodily stationary, that is, has no movement of translation; that the gravity roller is an automatically operated back feeding device for a duplicating sheet; that associated with said back feeding device is means for setting, holding or looking it to permit independent advance of said sheet; that when said device is thus set the advanced portion of the material or sheet may be freely handled so that it may be entered in the machine between the platen and the paper feeding devices without the operator having to sustain the weight of the back feeding device during such handling and entering; that the means aforesaid for setting said device is in the nature of an automatic lock, being in the present instance a pivoted gravity-controlled locking plate that is cammed out of the way by the gravity roller as it moves upward and thereafter swings back 'mto the path of the gravity roller so as to .hold it locked against falling, this locking operation taking place after a predetermined extent of upward advance of the gravity roller; and that this pivoted locking plate or .device or look is adapted tobe swung out of the way or rendered inoperative by devices including'the finger 44 controlled by the paper releasing mechanism.

Certain features herein shown are not claimed per 86 as they form in part the subjects-matter of my co-pending applications Nos. 526,560 and 528,462.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a'platen, a device independent of the platen for feeding material relatively thereto, said material as it is fed being normally held fast from movement at one end, and means including Sitltl device for automatically releasing the fast end of said material so that it may be advanced.

2. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a platen, a gravity operated device for feeding material over the platen independently thereof, the material as it is fed being held fast from movement at one end, and automatically operating means including-said device for releasing the fast end of said material.

8,. In a typewriting machine, the combi nation of a platen, releasable means cooperative with said platen for feeding material thereover, the end of the materialaway from the platen being held fast against movement as the material is fed over the platen, and automatically operating means for releasing the fast end of said material, said automatically operating means including a device for back feeding said material when said releasable means are released.

4. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a platen, releasable means cooperative therewith for feeding material there over, the end of the material away from the platen being held fast against movement as the material is fed over, the platen, and automatic means for freeing the fast end of said material, said automatic means including a gravity operated device for back feeding said material over the platen when said releasable means are released. V

5. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a platen, releasable means cooperative with the platen for feeding material thereover, the end of the material away from the platen being held fast against movement as the material is fed over the platen,'and automatic means for freein the fast end of the material, said automatic means including a device for feeding said material independently of the platen when said releasable means are released.

6. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a platen, releasable means cooperative with the platen for feeding material over the same, the end of the material away from the platen being held fast against movement as the material is fed over the platen, and automatic means forkfreeing the fast end of the material, said automatic means including a gravity roller which is operative to feed the material backwardindependently of the platen when said releastain of said first nameddevices from said holder.

9. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a platen,releasable'means for feeding material over' said platen, a rotary holder for said material, devices normally preventing unwinding of the material from said holder, and other devices for disconnecting said first named devices, said other devices being also operative to back feed the paper.

10. Ina carbon roll mechanism for typewriting machines in which the carbon roll is normally held from turning to unwind the paper, devices ope ative automatically to re lease said carbon roll. x

11. In a carbon roll mechanism fortypewriting machines in which the carbon roll isinormally held from turning to unwind the 'pa per, devices operative automatically to release said carbon roll at one time, certain of sa1d devices being operative at another time to back feed the paper while the carbon roll is held fast. p 1

12. In a typewriting machine, the combinatlon of a platen, means for feeding material over said platen, a rotary holder for said material, devices normally preventing unwinding of the material fromsaid holder, and means operative automatically for rendering said devices inoperative on said holder. a

f In a typewriting machine, the combi-' nation of a platen, means for feeding 'material over said platen, a rotary holder for said material, devices normally preventing unwinding of the material fromsaid holder, and means controlled by the unwound portion of said material for automatically ren-- dering said devices inoperative.

14. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a platen, means for feeding material over said platen,'a rotary holder for saidunaterial, devices normally preventingv unwindlng of'the material from said holder,

a gravity operated feeding device for said material, and means controlled by said gravity feeding device for rendering said devlces inoperative. V

15. In atypcwriting machine, the combination of a platen, means-for feeding ma terial oversaid plat-en, a rotary holder for said material, devices normally preventing unwinding of the material from said holder,

a gravity operated feeding device for said.

' mally preventing unwinding of the material fro m said holder, and means for disconnecting the pawl and ratchet.

17. In a typewriting machine,-the combi-,

nation of a platen, means for feeding material over said platen, a rotary holder for sald-materlal, pawl and ratchet devices normally preventing unwinding of the material.

from said holder, and means operating automatically to separate the pawl and ratchet.-

18. In a typewriting machine, the co1nbi ration ofv a platen, releasable means for feeding mater al over said p-laten, a rotary holderfor said material, pawl and ratchet devices normally preventing unwinding of the material from said holder, means operatmg automatically to throw the pawl out of the ratchet, the automatically operating means including a pivoted arm, a 11111! confluence of gravity.

inecting said pawl with said arm, and a device operative on said arm and controlled by said material.

19. In a typewrlting machine, the combination of a platen, means for feeding material over said platen, a holder for said material, devices normally preventing the feeding .of material from 'said holder, and means controlled by the material itself for render- 1ng said devices inoperative.

120. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a platen, a normally *fast rotary materlal carrying device, means cooper 1 'e I with the platen for feeding. the unwo d portion of the material which is between. said platen and said device, a gravity device 1 controlled by the unwound portion of'said material, and devices controlled by said gravity device "for releasing said material carrying device so that materialmay be fed therefrom. I

21. In a carbon roll mechanism for typewriting machineswh'erein the carbon roll holder is normally fast, a gravity device movable to back-feed the carbon paper and operative also to release the normally fast carbon roll holderso that material may be advanced therefrom while said gravity device is bodily stationary.

- 22. In a carbon roll mechanism for typewriting machines including a gravity operated back feeding device, devices for normally holding the carbon roll from turning to unwind the.paper,'said devices being disconnect-ible bythe gravity operated device as it nears the limit of its travel from normal position and recngaging, when said gravity operated device drops under the in- 23. In a typewriting mach ne, the combination of a back feeding device operative automatically to retract paper, and means operating automatically to render said dev-ice inoperative to retract paper after an advance movement thereof.

24. In a typewriting machine, the'combination of a back feeding-devicefor a sheet,

.means for advancing said sheet against said device, .and means for thereafter locking said device so that the advanced portion of the sheet may be free from back pull.

25. In a typewriting machine, the combination of paper feeding mechanism, aback feeding device for a sheet, which device normally maintains the end of the sheetfree from.the control of the paper feeding mech- .anism, and means for setting said deviceto permit the independent advance of the sheet into the control of said paper feeding mechanism. 1 p

26. In. a typewriting machine, the combination of paper feedingmechanism, a back feeding device for asheet, which'device normally maintains the end of the sheet free from the control of the paper feeding mechanism, means for advancing said sheet in opposition to said device, and means for thereafter rendering said device inoperative temporarily so that the advanced portion of the sheet may be freely handled and brought into the control of said paper feeding mechanism.

27. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a platen, paper feeding mechanism, a back feeding device for a sheet which normally maintains the free end of the sheet above the platen, and means, after said sheet has been drawn downward toward the platen and the paper feeding mechanism, for holding said device out of operation so that the advanced portion of the sheet may be freely handled.

28. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a back feeding device for a work sheet, and an automatic device operating after said sheet has been advanced a predetermined extent to prevent said back feeding device from back feeding said Work sheet the said predetermined extent.

29. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a back feeding device for a work sheet, an automatic deviceoperating after said sheet has been advanced a predeter- .mined extent to prevent said back feeding device from back feeding said Work sheet through said predetermined extent, and means for thereafter rendering said automatic device inoperative.

30. In a typewriting machine, the combination of paper feeding mechanism, a back feeding device for a work sheet, an automatic device operating after said sheet has been advanced a predetermined extent to prevent said back feeding device from back feeding said work sheet the said predetermined extent, and means fonreleasing said paper feeding mechanism and automatically rendering said automatic device inoperative.

31. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a gravity operated back feeding device for a duplicating sheet, means for advancing said slieet and raising said gravity operated device, and meansfor preventing said gravity operated device from dropping after'said sheet has been advanced a predetermined extent.

32. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a gravity operated back feeding device for a duplicating sheet, means for advancing said sheet and raising said gravity operated device, a gravity element for said device operated at a predetermined point in its travel to prevent said device from dropping, and automatic means for rendering said element inoperative.

33. In a typewriting machine, the combi nation of a gravity operated back feeding device for a duplicating sheet, means for advancing said sheet and raising said gravity operated device, a gravity element for said device operated at a predetermined point in its travel to prevent said device from dropping, and releasable paper feeding mechanism, said element being automatically moved out of operated position when the paper feeding mechanism is'released.

3-1. In a typeWrit-ing machine, the combination of a back feeding device, and a gravity operated element movable by said device in one direction of the travel of said device and operative thereafter to prevent movement of said device .in the opposite direction.

35. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a back feeding device, a gravity operated element movable by said device in one direction of the travel of said device and operative thereafter to prevent movement of said device in the opposite direction,

paper feeding mechanism, and releasing means therefor operative also to render said gravity element ineflective on said back feeding device.

36 In a typewriting machine, the combination of a gravity operated roller for back feeding a duplicating sheet, and a gravity controlled plate mo 'able by said roller and thereafter operative to prevent return movement of said roller.

37. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a gravity operated roller for back feeding a duplicating sheet, a gravity controlled plate movable by said roller and thereafter operative to prevent return movement of said roller, and paper releasing mechanism operative to move said plate to free said roller.

38. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a gravity operated roller movable in one direction by a sheet of material and operative by gravity to back feed said ma- .tcrial, and a pivoted plate movable by said roller out of its path and returning there after by gravity to prevent return movement of said roller.

39. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a grzwity operated paper feeding roller, a pivoted plate cooperative therewith, a platen, paper feeding means cooperative with said platen, releasing devices for said paper feeding means including a rock shaft, and an arm on said rock shaft cooperative with said pivoted plate to render the same inoperative.

4.0. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a platen, releasable paper controlling devices cooperative therewith, said devices comprising a rod or shaft, a guide plate thereon extending lengthwise of the platen, paper fingers secured at the ends .of said guide plate, and pressure rollers cooperative with the platen through openings in said paper fingers.

f nation ofa platen, paper controlling devices coo eratlve therewith comprising a plate .ex-

ten ing lengthwise of the platen, .the lower edge of said plate being curved to provide a paper guide, the upper edge of said plate serving as a severing device, downwardly extending pa'perfingers secured to'said plate at its ends, and 'pressurerollers mounted independently of said paper fingers.

42. In a carbon roll mechanism for typewriting' machines, a gravity operated back connected flanges, a shaft supportin feedingroller comprising a body portion of wood or the like'for cooperating with the \paper, and deachable weighted heads at the sleeves arranged at the endsofsa1d roll the l holderand between the same and said head and said thumb nut, a ratchetwheel on one of said spacing sleeves, and a releasable pawl normally engaging said ratchet wheel to prevent the rollholder from being turned to unwind paper therefrom.

- 44. A carbon roll -mechanism for typewriting machines supported on a detachable frame 'on the carriage and comprising a roll holder on said frame, a guide roller, a gravity roller cooperative with-the paper between said guide roller and said roll'holder, and a paper controlling bail cooperative with the paper at the opposite side of said guide rollerfrom said gravity roller.

Signed at Syracuse, in the county of Onondaga, and State of New York, this 22nd day of January, A. D. 1910.-

, HERBERT H. STEELE. \Vitnesses: ANNA T. LYNCH, HILDA' M. PERKINS. 

